Table of Contents

Product Overview

Scalable Bandwidth
Scalable Services

Key Features and Benefits

Cisco 12000 Gigabit Switch Router (GSR) Architecture
Packet over SONET/SDH (POS)
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Ethernet

Specifications

Hardware

Line Card and GRP Memory Options

Software

Ordering Information

Configuration Guidelines
Ordering Information
Product and Part Numbers

Documentation

Cisco 12000 Series - Gigabit Switch Routers

Product Overview

The Internet is rapidly becoming an electronic agent for commerce, entertainment, communication, and information retrieval. New network-enabled intranet applications and powerful desktop computers are driving an exponential increase in network traffic. Service Providers and Enterprises are rapidly deploying packet switching infrastructures to handle this tremendous growth in data traffic.

The Gigabit Switch Router (GSR) 12000 series is Cisco`s premier routing product family designed and developed for the core of service provider and enterprise IP backbones. The GSR family includes three models: the Cisco 12008, 12012, and 12018.

The 12008 model provides a 40Gbps switch fabric and has eight slots that can be used to support interfaces ranging from DS3 to OC-48c/STM-16c. This model can support a maximum of 7 OC-48c/STM-16c interfaces for a total of 28Mpps switching capacity.

The 12012 model provides a 60Gbps switch fabric and has 12 slots that can be used to support interfaces ranging from DS3 to OC-48c/STM-16c. This model can support a maximum of 11 OC-48c/STM-16c POS interfaces for a total of 44Mpps switching.

The 12016 model scales from 80 Gbps to 320Gbps switching capacity, and has 16 slots for interfaces ranging from DS3 to OC-48c/STM-16c. This model can support a maximum of 15 OC48c/STM-16c POS interfaces for a total of 60Mpps switching.

The Cisco 12000 GSR products are used in the core of the largest IP backbones in the world today.

The GSR 12000 series products are architected to meet the bandwidth, performance, services and reliability requirements of today"s IP core backbones:

Scalable Bandwidth

• Modular, multigigabit crossbar switching fabric allows bandwidth to scale in either 40Gbps (12008), 60Gbps (12012), or 80 to 320 Gbps (12016).

• High density, high speed interfaces ranging from DS3 to OC48c/STM16c, that can be easily added as needed.

• Packet over SONET/SDH interfaces at 155 Mbps (OC3/STM1), 622 Mbps (OC12c/STM4c) and 2.5 Gbps (OC48c/STM16c) data rates

• Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) interfaces at 155 Mbps (OC3/STM1) and 622 Mbps (OC12c/STM4c) data rates

• LAN interfaces 1 Gbps (Gigabit Ethernet) and others to follow

• Frame based interfaces (PPP, Frame Relay) at 45 Mbps (DS3), 155 Mbps (OC3/STM1), 622 Mbps (OC12c/STM4c)

• Channelized interfaces at 622 Mbps (OC-12) channelized to 45 Mbps (DS-3) and 622 Mbps (OC-12/STM-4) channelized to 155 Mbps (OC-3/STM-1)

• Scalable Performance

• Innovative switch fabric design supports virtual output queues (VoQs) that eliminate head-of-line blocking (HOLB) and increase overall system efficiency and supports partial fulfillment for multicast traffic where replication of multicast traffic is performed by the switch fabric.

• Distributed architecture delivers scalable Layer 3 switching performance through intelligent line cards that can be added incremental interfaces are required

• Micro-programmable application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) based queuing provides line rate forwarding for unicast and multicast traffic that fills SONET/SDH transmission facilities to capacity, ensuring best return on investment on expensive bandwidth

Scalable Services

• Industry leading Cisco IOS software

• State of the art queuing and congestion management techniques: Random Early Detection (RED), Weighted RED (WRED) and Deficit Round Robin (DRR) that provides an enhanced Weighted Fair Queuing mechanism

• MPLS Switching support to deliver the scalable traffic engineering features

• Carrier Class Design

• Redundancy in all key system components, i.e. processors, switch fabric, line cards, power and cooling, to minimize network disruption in the event of a failure

• Hot-swap capability enables components to be added or removed without service disruption

• Switch fabric redundancy provides fail-over to backup fabric with no data or user session loss

• APS/MPS enables SONET/SDH resiliency capabilities for providing interface redundancy

• Network Equipment Building System (NEBS) and European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) compliance for installation in service provider central-offices.

Key Features and Benefits

Cisco 12000 Gigabit Switch Router (GSR) Architecture

System Level

The GSR is based on a high speed distributed routing architecture combined with state-of-the-art switching core that delivers Layer 3 routing at gigabit speeds.

The GSR is optimized for performing routing and packet forwarding functions to transport IP datagrams across a network. The routing function is performed in the Gigabit Route Processors (GRP) responsible for running the routing protocols and building the routing tables from the network topology. This information is then used to build the forwarding tables distributed to the line cards. In addition, the GRP is also responsible for the system control and administrative functions.

• The packet forwarding functions are performed by each of the line card (LC). A copy of the forwarding tables computed by the GRP is distributed to each of the line cards in the system. Each line card performs independent lookup of a destination address for each datagram received on a local copy of the forwarding table and the datagram is switched across a crossbar switch fabric to the destination line card.

  All cards are installed from the front of the chassis and plug into a passive backplane. This backplane contains serial lines that interconnect all of the line cards to the switch fabric cards as well as other connections for power and maintenance functions. Each slot in the GSR has up to 4 serial line connections (1.25Gbps), one to each of the switch fabric cards (see below) to provide a total capacity of 5 Gbps per slot (2.5Gbps full duplex). The 12016 utilizes 4 sets of 4 serial line connections in each slot, providing each slot with a switching capacity of 10 Gbps full duplex.

• The major components of the GSR are - Switch Fabric, Gigabit Route Processor and Line Cards.

  Switch Fabric At the heart of the GSR is a multi-gigabit crossbar switch fabric that is optimized to provide high capacity switching at gigabit rates. The crossbar switch enables high performance for two reasons: connections from the line cards to a centralized fabric are point-to-point links that can operate at very high speeds; multiple bus transactions can be supported simultaneously increasing the aggregate bandwidth of the system. A GSR switching fabric must be configured to full fabric (40 Gbps for 12008, 60 Gbps for 12012, and 80-320 Gbps for the 12016) in order to support all the current line cards.

  The switch fabric includes two card types: Switch Fabric Cards (SFC) and Clock and Scheduler Cards (CSC). Each GSR must have at least one CSC in the chassis. The CSC handles requests from line cards, issues grants to access the fabric and provides a reference clock to all the cards in the system to synchronize data transfer across the crossbar. The SFC receives the scheduling information and clocking reference from the CSC cards and performs the switching functions.

It provides the following key functions:

• Gigabit speed interconnections between line cards (5 Gbps per slot)

• State-of-the-art scheduling algorithm combined with Virtual Output Queues to eliminate head-of-line blocking (HOLB) achieving 99% efficiency

• Hardware based multicast

• High Availability via redundancy (1:4 for SFC, 1:1 for CSC) with loss-less failover and hot-swap capability.

• Gigabit Route Processor

  The Gigabit Route Processor (GRP) is a high performance engine that provides the routing intelligence for the Cisco GSR family. It is dedicated to determining the network topology and calculating the best path across the network. The GRP has the following hardware characteristics:

• 200MHz R5000 CPU

• Optionally up to 256 MB CPU DRAM (default 64 MB)

• 512KB Layer 2 cache

• 512KB configuration NVRAM

• 8 MB boot Flash

• Two PCCMIA Type II software upgrades

• Ethernet (RJ45 and MII connectors) for Network Management access

• Local Console and modem ports (DB-25 EIA/TIA-232c)

It provides the following key functions:

• Process Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP) such as IS-IS, IGRP, EIGRP to determine the network topology

• Process External Gateway Protocols (EGP) such as BGP

• Create and maintain the routing table (up to 1 million route entries)

• Distribute and update Express Forwarding (EF) tables on the line cards and maintain copies of each line card"s EF tables for card initialization

• General maintenance functions such as diagnostics, console support and line card monitoring

• In-band management through SNMP MIB, Telnet, BOOTP and TFTP

• Line Card

  Line cards connect the GSR to other devices via electrical or optical media. The line cards are designed for the transmission of IP packets over PPP, Frame Relay or ATM interfaces. The features and functions of the line cards are interface specific.

Packet over SONET/SDH (POS)

POS interfaces on the GSR enable connections to other GSR 12000 or other Cisco routers, such as Cisco 7500 or 7200 via optical interfaces. These interfaces can be circuits provisioned over a SONET/SDH infrastructure or dark fibers (native fiber links) connections or wavelengths of Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) systems. The GSR offers the following POS interfaces:

• 4 OC3/STM1 ports per line card

• 1 OC12c/STM4c ports per line card

• 4 OC12c/STM4c ports per line card

• 1 Channelized OC12 port (to DS3) per line card

• 1 Channelized OC12/STM4 port (to STS3c/STM1) per line card

• 1 OC48c/STM16c ports per line card

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

ATM interfaces on the GSR enable connections to other GSR 12000 or other Cisco routers, such as Cisco 7500 or 7200 via ATM networks. The GSR offers the following ATM interfaces:

• 4 OC3/STM1 ports per line card

• 1 OC12c/STM4c ports per line card

Ethernet

Gigabit Ethernet (GE) and Fast Ethernet (FE) interfaces on the GSR enable connections to other GSR 12000 or other Cisco routers, such as Cisco 7500 or 7200 via fiber optic links. The GSR offers the following Gigabit Ethernet interfaces:

• 1 GE port per line card

• 8 port FE line card

Specifications

Hardware

Line Card and GRP Memory Options

There are two configurable memory types on the GRP:

• Flash (PCMCIA)

• DRAM used to hold system software, routing tables, and other data

Default GRP memory is 20 MB PCMCIA Flash, and 128 MB DRAM, expandable to 256 MB

There are two configurable memory types on each of the Cisco 12000 line cards:

• Packet memory (buffers)

• Route table memory

Default route table memory is 64 MB.

Default packet memory 128 MB (64 MB Tx, 64 MB Rx) or 256 MB (128 MB Tx/128 MB Rx) - Line card dependent

For more information on Cisco 12000 line card and memory options, see

- Options for Cisco 12000: Line Cards/Memory

Software

The system software is based on IOS Version 11.2 or IOS Version 12.0(S), but it has been optimized to support IP only. A software license is required for each Cisco 12000 series system. The license must accompany each system and chassis purchase, and is tied to the Cisco 12000 chassis serial number. If you are ordering only GSR spares, you need not order a software license.

Ordering Information

Configuration Guidelines

This section provides helpful information for planning your Cisco 12000 and chassis configuration. The Cisco 12008 supports eight slots and the Cisco 12012 supports 12 slots. Either one or two of the slots are used for gigabit route processors, depending upon whether redundancy is required. In the Cisco 12012, 11 slots are available for a variety of fully hot-swappable line cards. Seven such slots are available in the Cisco 12008.

Cisco 12000 Series chassis slots are universal and can be populated with any combination of GRPs and line cards. The following table shows one possible configuration.

1. Available in the future.

At the heart of the GSR is a multigigabit crossbar switching fabric that provides synchronized gigabit-speed interconnections for all of the other cards in the system. The switching fabric for the Cisco 12016, 12012 and 12008 consists of up to four switching cards, supplemented by a fifth card that provides 1:4 or 1:1 redundancy. The switching cards for the Cisco 12008, 12012, and 12016 are not interchangeable.

Ordering Information

Use the following steps to make up your order for a router in the GSR series:

• Select the base system. GSR12/60 for the 60 Gbps Cisco 12012, or GSR8/40 for the 40 Gbps Cisco 12008 or GSR16/80-AC for the 80 Gbps Cisco 12016 AC system, or GSR16/80-DC for the 80 Gbps Cisco 12016 DC System.

• Add the following to the order:

• • Base system software license

  • Type of power supply (AC/DC) [DC power is the default] - no choice on the GSR16/80 - two bundles

  • Proper power cord (AC only)

  • Increased GRP memory (if necessary)

• Add the required line card and increase the line card`s packet buffer and DRAM memory, if necessary.

• Add redundant components:

• • Switch cards

  • GRP (two max.)

  • Power supplies

Product and Part Numbers

Documentation

Table 13-9: Cisco 12000 Documentation Ordering Information

Description	Product Number
Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information for the Cisco 12000 Series Gigabit Switch Router	78-4347-01
Cisco 12008 Installation and Configuration Guide	78-4953-01
Cisco 12008 AC Input Power Supply Replacement Instructions	78-4954-01
Cisco 12008 DC Input Power Supply Replacement Instructions	78-4955-01
Cisco 12000 Memory Replacement Instructions	78-4338-02
Cisco 12000 Route Processor Installation and Configuration	78-4339-02
Cisco 12008 Switch Card Replacement Instructions	78-4956-01
Cisco 12008 Fan Tray Replacement Instructions	78-4957-01
Cable-Management System Replacement Instructions	78-4958-01
Quad OC-3c/STM-1 Packet Over-SONET Line Card Installation and Configuration	78-4333-02
OC-12c/STM-4 Packet Over-SONET Line Card Installation and Configuration	78-4341-02
Asynchronous Transfer Mode Line Card Installation and Configuration	78-4344-02
Cisco 12008 Packing/Unpacking Instructions	78-4960-02
Services and Support
There are no special support or service requirements for the GSR series. You can obtain technical support from the Technical Assistance Center (TAC), and SmartNet contracts are available. For Cisco services and support information, access the following URL: http://www.cisco.com/public/Support_root.shtml
Training
Cisco provides a broad range of comprehensive educational offerings including seminars and events and certification programs to help customer and partners stay current on Cisco`s products, solutions, and technologies. For Cisco training information, access the following URL: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/10/wwtraining/index.shtml
Documents
The Channelized OC-12 to DS3 Line Card Installation and Configuration Guide can be ordered by using Part Number 78-5011-01. For Cisco documentation information, access the following URLs on the World Wide Web: http://www.cisco.com http://www-china.cisco.com http://www-europe.cisco.com.

Posted: Mon Apr 3 21:16:15 PDT 2000
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