Open-source software (OSS) is important to end-users since it is a critical enabler of the Internet, as much of the code that drives the Internet derives from OSS. In fact, all Internet, intranet, and extranet applications depend on OSS, since many servers on the Internet are built using at least some OSS for operating system, web server, mail, and other Internet infrastructure functions. While it is possible to construct the Internet and web applications completely with proprietary software, OSS counters the proprietary grip of vendors who lock up data and lock in obsolescence. OSS ensures that the web remains open and based on open standards.